Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the evaluation of biomechanical changes in articular cartilage in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model. The data of 90 patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction in the hospital were collected and divided into the stable group (54 cases) and the unstable group (36 cases). A load of up to 134N was applied to the 3D finite element model, and the kinematics of knee flexion at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° were examined. The tibial anteversion, tibial rotation, and ACL/graft tension were recorded in the 3D finite element model, which was randomly divided into the normal group (intact group, n = 30), the ACL rupture group (deficient group, n = 30), and the anatomical reconstruction group (anatomical group, n = 30). When the graft was fixed at 0°, the anterior tibial translation at 30°, 60°, and 90° in the anatomic group was 8–19% higher than the normal value under 134 N anterior load. The tibial internal rotation in the anatomic group was 18% and 28% higher than the normal value at 30° and 90°. When the graft was fixed at 30°, the anterior tibial translation at 60° and 90° of the anatomic group was 15% higher than the normal value. The tibial internal rotation at 90° of the anatomic group was 16% higher than the normal value, and the above differences had statistical significance (P < 0.05). MRI images were used to assess the bone tunnel angle, and the statistical analysis by the independent-samples t-test showed that there were significant differences in the bone tunnel angle between the stable group and the unstable group (P < 0.05). Currently, based on the 3D finite element model, MRI can accurately evaluate the postoperative effect of anatomical ACL reconstruction in the position, diameter, and angle of tibial and femoral bone tunnels, which can be applied to clinical promotion.
Highlights
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common and serious sports injury
When the graft was fixed at 0°, the anterior tibial translation of the knee joint in the intact and deficient groups increased from 0° to 30° under 134 N anterior load and increased from 30° to 90°, but the value of the deficient group was about 33–40% greater than that of the normal knee joint
A 3D finite element model was used to simulate anatomic ACL reconstruction and counted the biomechanical performance of the knee model under anterior loading. e results showed that when the graft was fixed at 0°, the anterior tibial translation was greater than the normal group value at 30° of knee flexion, while the cartilage contact stress was greater than the normal group value at 0° of knee flexion
Summary
An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common and serious sports injury. Cartilage injury secondary to ACL rupture was significantly higher than that caused by meniscus injury alone. There are many studies related to ACL injury. E most used physical examinations in the clinic include the Lachman test, axial displacement test, and anterior drawer test. After ACL injury, X-ray or enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination is often used to evaluate the surgical results, but Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience the effect is not ideal [7–9]. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable means of examination. How to improve the reading level of MRI in the later stage is an urgent problem for doctors in related disciplines, especially those who have just entered the field of sports medicine [10]
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