Three-dimensional ray tracing in International Reference Ionosphere

Abstract

International Reference Ionosphere and ray tracing algorithm are discussed in the paper. Three-dimensional real-time ray tracing method is illustrated In accordance with International Reference Ionosphere, ray tracing equations are resolved by Runge-Kutta method. Based on International Reference Ionosphere and ray tracing algorithm, the three-dimensional ray tracing simulation software is presented. The three-dimensional ray trace and the group path are estimated by the simulation software. The effectiveness and accuracy of the simulation results are verified by comparing with the experimental results.