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Abstract
A three-dimensional pore structure on activated carbon derived from hierarchically bamboo stem was synthesized in the monolithic form for increased applicability as a supercapacitor electrode. The preparation involved two step carbonizations, using a chemical activation at different concentrations. Subsequently, the morphology, chemical content, specific surface area and pore size distribution, as well as crystalline degree were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy, energy X-ray (EDX), N2 sorption and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Therefore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to assess the electrochemical performance, in a two electrode system. The result shows the significant impact of the three-dimensional structure on electrochemical performance, and the optimized sample exhibited specific capacitance of 168.8 F g-1, energy density of 23.44 Wh kg-1, and power density of 84.46 W kg-1.
Highlights
Supercapacitors are attractive energy strategies for reducing environmental pollution from fossil fuel exploitation
A decline was observed for mesopores (SMESO), and in terms of volume (VMESO). These results indicate the ability for 1 M KOH activation to generate very little amount of micropores in hierarchically bamboo porous (HBP)-1, while more are created in treatments with 3 M KOH, leading to the improved specific surface area observed in HBP-3
Based on the results and discussion, activated carbon in the monolithic form was prepared from hierarchically bamboo stem to improve applicability as a supercapacitor electrode
Summary
Supercapacitors are attractive energy strategies for reducing environmental pollution from fossil fuel exploitation This technology is characterized by high energy/power, high charge/discharge rate, and long cycle life [1], and are generally classified into two energy storage mechanism, including (1) pseudo-capacitance with faradic redox. (2) Electrochemical double layer capacitance (EDLC) devoid of faradic redox [2], defined as an accumulation of ion pairs, compromising the electrostatic interaction with polarized electrodes [3]. This mechanism is affected by the electrode architecture and porous texture, the materials selected for use are of high importance [4]. The average elemental constituent in hemicellulose include carbon (44.4 wt%), oxygen (49.4 wt%)
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