Three‐dimensional numerical modeling of effects of lateral heterogeneity on acoustic and elastic wave propagation

Abstract

A three dimensional, second order finite difference method was used to create synthetic seismograms for elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous media. The method uses a fully staggered grid as developed by Virieux (1986). Numerical results were generated for two models: a flat interface between fluid and solid media, and the same flat interface containing a rectangular, low velocity (fluid-filled) channel. Wavefront snapshots and downhole time series output allow the scattering and focussing of different wave modes with direction to be visualized. P and S wave backscattering from the sides of the channel can be seen together with the tripped P wave energy orouaeating inside the channel. The results illustrate the effects ‘of &tvof th: plane propagation, and point out the need to treat three dimensional wave propagation in many exploration and development situations.