Three-Dimensional Finite Element Investigation into Effects of Implant Thread Design and Loading Rate on Stress Distribution in Dental Implants and Anisotropic Bone

Dawit-Bogale Alemayehu,Yeau-Ren Jeng

doi:10.3390/ma14226974

Abstract

Variations in the implant thread shape and occlusal load behavior may result in significant changes in the biological and mechanical properties of dental implants and surrounding bone tissue. Most previous studies consider a single implant thread design, an isotropic bone structure, and a static occlusal load. However, the effects of different thread designs, bone material properties, and loading conditions are important concerns in clinical practice. Accordingly, the present study performs Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations to investigate the static, quasi-static and dynamic response of the implant and implanted bone material under various thread designs and occlusal loading directions (buccal-lingual, mesiodistal and apical). The simulations focus specifically on the von Mises stress, displacement, shear stress, compressive stress, and tensile stress within the implant and the surrounding bone. The results show that the thread design and occlusal loading rate have a significant effect on the stress distribution and deformation of the implant and bone structure during clinical applications. Overall, the results provide a useful insight into the design of enhanced dental implants for an improved load transfer efficiency and success rate.

Highlights

Dental implants have become increasingly common as a method for replacing missing teeth in recent decades [1,2,3,4]
The results obtained in the present study have shown that the application of dynamic loading can increase the stress of dental implants and cortical bone by as much as 30–60% compared to static loading
The present results have shown that the implant thread design affects both the magnitude and the distribution of the stress induced in the cortical bone under all three loading rates

Summary

Introduction

Dental implants have become increasingly common as a method for replacing missing teeth in recent decades [1,2,3,4]. FEM is attractive for the analysis of biomechanical processes, which are difficult (if not impossible) to examine in vivo or in vitro. As a result, it has been used extensively in the literature to evaluate the stress and deformation behavior of dental implants to improve their success rate [3,12,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion