Three-dimensional dust acoustic solitary waves in nonuniform magnetized dusty plasmas with adiabatic dust charge fluctuation

Abstract

Using a standard reductive perturbation theory, a modified variable coefficients Korteweg–de Vries (MKdV) equation governing the three-dimensional dust acoustic solitary waves is derived in inhomogeneous dusty plasmas comprising negatively charged dust grains of equal radii, Boltzmann distributed electrons and ions. The incorporation of the combined effects of adiabatic dust charge fluctuation, the external magnetic field and the inhomogeneity caused by nonuniform equilibrium values of particle density, charging variable and particle potential on the waves leads to a significant modification of the nature of dust acoustic solitary waves and excites both dust acoustic solitary holes (solitons with a density dip) and positive solitons (solitons with a density hump).