Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) CuO/TiO2 hybrid heterostructure nanorod arrays (NRs) with noble-metal-free composition, fabricated by template-assisted low-cost processes, were used as the photo-Fenton-like catalyst for dye degradation. Here, CuO NRs were deposited into anodic aluminum oxide templates by electrodeposition method annealed at various temperatures, followed by deposition of TiO2 thin films through E-gun evaporation, resulting in the formation of CuO/TiO2 p-n heterojunction. The distribution of elements and compositions of the CuO/TiO2 p-n heterojunction were analyzed by EDS mapping and EELS profiles, respectively. In the presence of H2O2, CuO/TiO2 hybrid structure performed more efficiently than CuO NRs for Rhodamine B degradation under the irradiation of 500-W mercury-xenon arc lamp. This study demonstrated the effect of length of CuO NRs, on the photo-degradation performance of CuO NRs as well as CuO/TiO2 heterostructure. The optimized CuO/TiO2 hybrid NR array structure exhibited the highest photo-degradation activity, and the mechanism and role of photo-Fenton acting as the catalyst in photo-degradation of dye was also investigated.
Highlights
The industrial revolution of the 1760s made human life easier
The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with two different lengths of 1.85 μm and 6.53 μm were fabricated on an aluminum substrate, using a two-step anodization process followed by barrier thinning
In summary, high-aspect ratio TiO2 thin film-capped CuO nanorod arrays (NRs) arrays synthesized by utilizing e-gun evaporation deposition and electrodeposition in the AAO template exhibited great photo-Fenton-like catalytic properties
Summary
The industrial revolution of the 1760s made human life easier. Industries generate toxic compounds and discharge serious contaminants, which are harmful for individuals and the environment. In developing countries, the issue of environmental pollution is getting worse because of the growth in textile and petrochemical industries, which discharge organic waste into the water bodies. Wastewater treatment has become a critical necessity [1, 2]. Date et al Nanoscale Research Letters (2020) 15:45 inappropriate pH and in the presence of reactive substances in the solution, which may cause precipitation or absorption, resulting in the consumption of catalysts [8,9,10]. Apart from Fe-based materials, some Cu-based materials show great performance in the Fenton-like system
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