Abstract
Root canal treatment of mandibular incisor is difficult because of the narrow pulp space and apical curvature. The aim of this study was to measure the anatomical indicators of the mandibular incisors in Koreans using micro-computed tomography (MCT) with novel software (Kappa 2). The MCT-scanned data from 27 mandibular incisors were reconstructed and analyzed. For each canal, 3-dimensional (3D) surface models were re-sliced at 0.1 mm intervals perpendicular to the central axis of the root canal. Root canal width, dentine thickness, and direction and degree of root canal curvatures were measured automatically on each slice. Measurements were analyzed statistically with Bhapkar test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Labial and lingual dentine thicknesses were significantly larger than mesial and distal thicknesses (p < 0.001). The thinnest dentine was mainly located on the mesio-lingual side of the canals in the apical third. The mean narrowest and widest canal width in the apical sixth were 0.22 mm and 0.40 mm, respectively. The canal curvature abruptly increased in the apical 0.5-mm portion. MCT with novel software provided useful anatomical information for root canal instrumentation.
Highlights
Eunpyeong Appletree Dental Clinic, 19, Jingwan 2-ro, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul 03306, Korea; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gaon Dental Hospital, 129, Dongseo-daero, Seobuk-gu, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, National Dental Care Centre for Persons with Special Needs, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, 23 Kyungheedaero, Director of Dental Services, Ministry of Health, P.O.Box 109196, Jeddah 21351, Saudi Arabia; Department of Endodontics, Restorative and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, 23 Kyungheedaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
An understanding of the complex root canal anatomy as havewell a single canal (72% (Leoni et al, 2014) [1], 91.1% and 82.5% (Liu et al, 2014) [2]), they pose the as surrounding root dentine architecture is essential
Anatomical indicators were measured using micro-computed tomography (MCT) combined with custom-developed software, Kappa 2, which provided 3D surface models of the roots and canals and an imaginary central axis in each cross-sectional image
Summary
Root canal treatment of mandibular incisor is difficult because of the narrow pulp space and apical curvature. The aim of this study was to measure the anatomical indicators of the mandibular incisors in Koreans using micro-computed tomography (MCT) with novel software (Kappa 2). Dentine thickness, and direction and degree of root canal curvatures were measured automatically on each slice. An understanding of the complex root canal anatomy as havewell a single canal (72% (Leoni et al, 2014) [1], 91.1% and 82.5% (Liu et al, 2014) [2]), they pose the as surrounding root dentine architecture is essential. The mandibular incisors usually greatest difficulty in access preparation owing the and narrowness ofetthe andthey pulp space have a single canal (72% (Leoni et al, 2014)
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