Abstract
The possibility of application of the results of measurements of the vertical electric-field component Ez and two horizontal magnetic-field components Hx and Hy for investigation of propagation of the electromagnetic signal in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide is discussed. A technique for determination of the transfer function of an active vertical electric antenna for measuring Ez is analyzed. A method for matching the transfer functions of the electric antenna and magnetic-induction sensors in the extremely-low-frequency (ELF) and ultralow-frequency (ULF) bands is described. As an example of the use of recorded Ez data, diurnal variations in ratio |Ez|/|H| ,which supposedly depend on the variations in the ionospheric D layer, are presented and the angles of arrival of the atmospherics at the reception point are estimated in the angular range –π to +π, which cannot be performed with the use of only the recorded horizontal magneticfield components.
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