Three-stage optimization framework of functionally graded stiffened cylindrical shells under thermal environment

Abstract

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) display remarkable potential for thermal and mechanical applications, which attracts increasing interest in the aerospace industry. In this study, the FGMs are used in the stiffened cylindrical shells (SCSs) to improve their heat resistance and bearing capacity. For the functional gradient stiffened cylindrical shell (FG-SCS), the smeared stiffener method (SSM) is improved, and the analytical solution of its critical buckling load is obtained. In addition, a new three-stage optimization framework is proposed based on the hybrid surrogate model and the active learning strategy, and the lightweight design of FG-SCSs is conducted. The illustrative examples are evaluated, which indicate that FG-SCSs can promote the bearing capacity under the thermal environment, and the corresponding designs are very competitive.