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Abstract
The rapid development of new technologies, e.g., connected vehicles and e-wallet, offers us opportunities to rethink cooperative lane-change (LC) models. Most of existing cooperative LC models require a selfless assumption by default, which is usually too stringent for travelers. A cooperative LC game framework with appropriate side-payments can make up for this deficiency. In such games, when travelers maximize their own benefits, they will naturally cooperate to improve the system performance. This paper designs a four-step transferable utility based three-player game framework, which can cover all LC scenarios on multi-lane roads combing with the two-player model in the previous work. Our four-step framework is also suitable for other cooperative games with side-payments. Furthermore, the simulation results show that, cooperative games with side-payments can reduce vehicles’ LC frequency and meanwhile benefit all transaction vehicles in most scenarios in expectation. Moreover, the urgent vehicles with very high values of time can save up to 42% travel time on congested roads under the simulation settings.
Highlights
Discretionary Lane Change (LC) is one of the primary driving behaviors observed in traffic flow
This paper proposes a four-step three-player game framework with direct-transactions for discretionary LCs
We show that combining the proposed three-player game with the two-player game in the previous work, one can deal with all discretionary LC scenarios on multi-lane highways
Summary
Discretionary Lane Change (LC) is one of the primary driving behaviors observed in traffic flow. L.Li et al.: Three-player Cooperative Game with Side-payments for Discretionary Lane Changes of Connected Vehicles vehicles technologies, researchers start to consider cooperative LC games to achieve collective or group optimum [19], [20]. Such games are usually preferred by the system optimization researchers since they can improve the overall system performance. Combining the economic instrument (e.g., directtransaction) and e-wallet technology, researchers could achieve some cooperative solutions without the selfless assumption [21]–[23] They designed real-time mechanisms to allow for side-payments in LC scenarios. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: the section describes the problem, the subsequent section presents the four-step three-player cooperative mechanism framework, the fourth section shows simulation experiment results, and the last section concludes the paper
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