Three-phase phase-lock loop for distorted utilities

Abstract

A novel three-phase phase-locked loop (PLL) structure suitable for phase and angular frequency derivation from distorted ac utility voltages is presented. The proposed PLL has a simple structure; a conventional three-phase PLL followed by a proportional-integral (PI)-controlled moving average filter together with a phase-locking algorithm. The objective of the proposed technique is to capture the fundamental phase angle and angular frequency of three-phase clean, distorted, balanced or unbalanced ac utilities. The PLL gives fast, accurate angular frequency and phase locking and is robust to utility distortion such as line notching, random noise, voltage imbalance, phase loss, phase imbalance, harmonics, dc offsets and frequency variation. The analysis presented substantiates the immunity of the proposed PLL to unbalanced and distorted utility conditions. The PLL technique is simulated and digital signal processor (DSP)-implemented for a three-phase system to verify the analytical results. The simulated and experimental results, for numerous utility conditions, demonstrate its phase-tracking ability, whereas the conventional technique fails to lock accurately in highly distorted, three-phase grid-connected operation.