Abstract
In an investigation of stromatic Xylariales in Thailand, several specimens of Daldinia were discovered. Three novel species (D. flavogranulata, D. phadaengensis, and D. chiangdaoensis) were recognized from a molecular phylogeny based on concatenated ITS, LSU, RPB2, and TUB2 sequence data, combined with morphological characters and secondary metabolite profiles based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The major components detected were cytochalasins (in D. flavogranulata and D. chiangdaoensis) and daldinin type azaphilones (in D. phadaengensis). In addition, D. brachysperma, which had hitherto only been reported from America, was found for the first time in Asia. Its phylogenetic affinities were studied, confirming previous suspicions from morphological comparisons that the species is closely related to D. eschscholtzii and D. bambusicola, both common in Thailand. Daldinia flavogranulata, one of the new taxa, was found to be closely related to the same taxa. The other two novel species, D. phadaengensis and D. chiangdaoensis, share characters with D. korfii and D. kretzschmarioides, respectively.
Highlights
The genus Daldinia was erected by Cesati and De Notaris (1863) in honor of the Swiss monk, Agostino Daldini.Today, it is one of largest genera in the Hypoxylaceae (Ascomycota, Xylariales)
Sixty-one new sequences were generated and included into a combined internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), large subunit of the rDNA (LSU), RPB2, and TUB2 dataset to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of newly collected Thai specimens of Daldinia and distinguish them from other species and genera in the Hypoxylaceae (Table 1)
The strongly supported clade D IV grouped with clades D II and D III as sister clades and consisted of D. korfii, D. kretzschmarioides, D. phadaengensis (BCC 89349, BCC 89350), and D. chiangdaoensis (BCC 88220, BCC 88221)
Summary
The genus Daldinia was erected by Cesati and De Notaris (1863) in honor of the Swiss monk, Agostino Daldini. Today, it is one of largest genera in the Hypoxylaceae (Ascomycota, Xylariales). Daldinia species were recognized by the internal concentric zones below the perithecial layer in their stroma and by the presence of KOH-. Taxonomic novelties Daldinia chiangdaoensis Srikitikulchai, Wongkanoun, M. Stadler & Luangsa-ard, D. flavogranulata Srikitikulchai, Wongkanoun, M. Stadler & Luangsa-ard, and D. phadaengensis Srikitikulchai, Wongkanoun, M.
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