Three new species of Australoheros from southeastern Brazil, with taxonomic notes on Chromys oblonga, Heros autochton and H. jenynsii (Teleostei: Labrodei: Cichlidae)

Abstract

Three new species of Australoheros are described from the São Francisco, Paraná and Paraíba do Sul river basins, southeastern Brazil. Australoheros mattosi sp. n., from the rio São Francisco basin, by having anal-fin base squamation beginning at the third anal-fin spine; A. montanus sp. n., from the rio Paquequer drainage, by having a complete red bar on the posterior margin of the caudal fin; and, A. tavaresi sp. n., from the rio Tietê drainage, by having prognathous mouth. Three currently listed synonyms of Australoheros facetus are discussed: Chromys oblonga is considered a nomen dubium. The type specimens of Heros autochton (lectotype herein designated) indicate that the species does not belong to the genus Australoheros. Finally, the status of H. jenynsii as synonym of A. facetus is confirmed.