Abstract
Implemented with energy-integration x-ray detector, dual energy spectral CT has been playing increasingly important roles in the clinic for diagnostic imaging. Encouraged by the clinical value added by dual energy spectral CT in oncological, cardiovascular and neurovascular applications, the technological community is investing more resource and effort on photon-counting spectral CT that is anticipated to outperform its energy-integration counterpart in many advanced clinical applications. Based on the preliminary data of phantom and animal studies acquired using a prototype photoncounting spectral CT system, we revisit the underlying physics, mathematics, dimensionality of material space and selection of basis materials for spectral imaging. Focused on three-material decomposition for virtual monochromatic imaging/analysis, we investigate the feasibility and performance of spectral imaging without contrast agents in photoncounting CT, along with an in-depth analysis of the pros and cons of three-material decomposition over two-material decomposition for spectral imaging.
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