Abstract
ABSTRACT In the rapidly evolving fields of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR), achieving high diffraction efficiency and a wide field of view (FOV) is critical for enhancing visual experience. This paper presents a three-layer Polarisation Volume Grating (TL-PVG) structure designed to address the limitations of single-layer PVGs in AR/VR applications. By stacking multiple PVG layers with different tilt angles, TL-PVG achieves an expanded angular bandwidth and improved diffraction efficiency, enabling brighter and more immersive displays. The proposed TL-PVG structure incorporates polarisation multiplexing to optimise the optical diffraction efficiency by approximately 75%, thereby enhancing image brightness and sharpness. The experimental results demonstrate that TL-PVG significantly outperforms traditional single-layer PVGs, offering a promising solution for waveguide elements in next-generation AR/VR displays. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the fabrication process, optical properties, and applications of TL-PVGs, highlighting their potential to revolutionise the AR/VR technology.
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