Three-dimensional ultrasonography of bone and soft tissue lesions

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate feasibility and potential applications of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography in the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: 3D ultrasonography was performed in 83 patients with bone ( n=50) or soft tissue lesions ( n=33). Volume data were obtained using two volume probes (1–8.5 and 8.5–12 MHz) and a 3D ultrasound unit. The results of 3D ultrasonography were compared to two-dimensional ultrasound and radiological imaging. Results: The system enabled acquisition of 3D ultrasound data in diagnostic quality. 3D image-processing permits to analyse ultrasound data interactively in three orthogonal planes (section mode) or in realistic 3D views (rendering mode). Compared to conventional ultrasonography 3D image analysis improved assessment of details, provided better spatial orientation and facilitated image interpretation in 23, 44 and 49 cases, respectively. Additional findings that had significant influence on patient management were obtained in 16 of 83 patients (19%). Multiplanar reformating provided additional scan planes and increased the comparability of follow up examinations by standardized display and measurement. 3D surface reconstructions were very helpful to understand the morphology of bone lesions e.g. tortuous fracture lines. Conclusion: Our preliminary experience shows that 3D ultrasonography of musculoskeletal disorders is feasible. The ability to assess previously unattainable scan planes and lifelike surface projections may be particularly valuable for imaging of bone lesions. Further studies will be required to assess the exact role of this new technique for the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders.