Abstract
Target localization using a frequency diversity multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is one of the hottest research directions in the radar society. In this paper, three-dimensional (3D) target localization is considered for two-dimensional MIMO radar with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing linear frequency modulated (OFDM-LFM) waveforms. To realize joint estimation for range and angle in azimuth and elevation, the range-angle-dependent beam pattern with high range resolution is produced by the OFDM-LFM waveform. Then, the 3D target localization proposal is presented and the corresponding closed-form expressions of Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) are derived. Furthermore, for mitigating the coupling of angle and range and further improving the estimation precision, a CRB optimization method is proposed. Different from the existing methods of FDA-based radar, the proposed method can provide higher range estimation because of multiple transmitted frequency bands. Numerical simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its improved performance of target localization.
Highlights
In the last few years, frequency diversity technology applied to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has become one of the most popular research directions in the radar society
A 3D target localization method is presented for the proposed OFDM-MIMO radar, and the superresolution performance in range is achieved by utilizing the additional
The corresponding Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the joint range and angle are derived and a CRB optimum proposal based on frequency coding is proposed; it is worth noting that the criterion of (35) can be used to optimize subarray partition so as to improve CRB performance
Summary
In the last few years, frequency diversity technology applied to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has become one of the most popular research directions in the radar society. The estimation approach is proposed for 3D target localization of our OFDM-MIMO radar and the corresponding closed-form expressions for the CRB on target’s 3D parameters estimation are derived. Since the range-angledependent beam pattern with high range resolution is produced by our OFDM-MIMO radar due to the OFDMLFM waveforms with large adjacent frequency interval, the range estimation precision can be higher than one of the existing FDA radar. (1) The OFDM-MIMO radar with two-dimensional (2D) phased array and OFDM-LFM waveforms are used to jointly estimate 3D target parameters including range and angles in azimuth and elevation, which is different from the existing FDA-MIMO radar for 2D target localization in [6, 9, 10, 16].
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