Three‐dimensional sonographic evaluation of fetal soft tissue deposition

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate fetal nutritional status in utero and to detect intrauterine growth restriction and macrosomia by use of three‐dimensional ultrasonography.Methods: Fifty‐two fetuses from 28 to 41 weeks gestation were studied within 1 week before delivery using a transabdominal three‐dimensional transducer. The fetal nutrition score values were determined from a qualitative assessment of the amount of subcutaneous tissue present at three locations (face, ribs, and buttocks) on the antenatal three‐dimensional ultrasonograms. Fetal nutritional status, using fetal nutrition score, was compared with those by modified neonatal nutrition score and ponderal index, respectively.Results: There was a significant linear correlation between fetal nutrition score and modified neonatal nutrition score. Fetal or neonatal nutrition score correlated well with birth weight and neonatal crown‐heel length, respectively. However, no significant correlation between ponderal index and fetal nutrition score or modified neonatal nutrition score was evident. Ponderal index also did not correlate with birth weight and neonatal crown‐heel length, respectively.Conclusion: We do cast doubt on the usefulness of the ponderal index for measurement of neonatal soft tissue and muscle mass. Fetal nutrition score using three‐dimensional ultrasonography provides a novel means of evaluating the nutritional status of the fetus in utero, and should be useful for predicting the extreme in fetal growth earlier.