Three-dimensional radiographic assessment of different fixation methods stability after l-shaped osteotomy reduction malarplasty: A comparative retrospective study

Abstract

BackgroundReduction malarplasty (RM) is a common facial contouring procedure among Orientals. Currently, fixation methods selection and placement vectors are controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different zygomatic complex fixation methods on surgical outcomes stability after RM. Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 60 consented patients (120 operated zygoma) who met inclusion criteria were included. ITK-SNAP and 3D Slicer software were used to measure the displacement of the zygomatic complex using postoperative CTs (T1: one week and T2: six months). The region of interest included zygomatic body fixation methods (ZBFm), namely: two bicortical screws (2LS); an l-shaped plate with one bicortical screw (LPLS); an l-shaped plate with short-wing on the zygoma (LPwZ) and on the maxilla (LPwM), combined with zygomatic arch fixation methods (ZAFm), including Mortice-Tenon (MT); 3-hole plate (3HP); and short screw (SS). ANOVA test was used to compare the displacement values among ZBFm/ZAFm combinations. ResultsThe 2LS and LPLS groups showed lower displacement than the single l-shaped plate (P< 0.001, P = 0.001), which performed better when the short-wing was fixated on the maxilla (0.9 ± 0.4 mm and 1.2 ± 0.6 mm respectively). ConclusionAfter RM, the two-bridge fixation methods (2LS and LPLS) provide better stability than the single l-shaped plate. All ZAF methods showed similar stability when combined with 2LS or LPLS as zygomatic body fixation methods.