Abstract
The development of an effective scaffold for bone defect repair is an urgent clinical need. However, it is challenging to design a scaffold with efficient osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity for regeneration of bone defect. In this study, we successfully prepared a hydroxyapatite (HA) porous scaffold with a surface-specific binding of peptides during osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The HA binding domain (HABD) was introduced to the C-terminal of bone morphogenetic protein 2 mimetic peptide (BMP2-MP) and antimicrobial peptide of PSI10. The binding capability results showed that BMP2-MP and PSI10-containing HABD were firmly bound to the surface of HA scaffolds. After BMP2-MP and PSI10 were bound to the scaffold surface, no negative effect was observed on cell proliferation and adhesion. The gene expression and protein translation levels of type I collagen (COL-I), osteocalcin (OCN) and Runx2 have been significantly improved in the BMP2-MP/HABP group. The level of alkaline phosphatase significantly increased in the BMP2-MP/HABP group. The inhibition zone test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli BL21 prove that the PSI10/HABP@HA scaffold has strong antibacterial ability than another group. These findings suggest that 3D-printed HA scaffolds with efficient osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity represent a promising biomaterial for bone defect reconstruction.
Highlights
Bone defect requires surgical repair to regenerate its function
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-MP, bone morphogenetic protein 2 mimetic peptide (BMP2-MP)/HABP, PSI10, PSI10/HABP and their corresponding fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled polypeptides were synthesised by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd
The micro-CT scan showed a clear image of the HA scaffold, regular pore arrangement and connection
Summary
Bone defect requires surgical repair to regenerate its function. The most commonly used materials for the repair of bone defect include allografts, xenografts, metals [1], inorganic materials [2] and polymer materials [3]. The immune rejection of allografts is low, there are still some shortcomings, such as the limited source of grafts and the risk of infection in the donor part [5]. The source of xenograft bone is extensive, it has the risk of immune rejection [6]. Both methods will be phased out with the development and application of new synthetic materials
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