Abstract
A three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D PTV) technique has been developed, which enables us to obtain markedly larger number of velocity vectors than can be obtained by previous techniques. Instead of the usual stereoscopic image recordings, the present 3D PTV technique visualizes an entire three-dimensional flow with scanning laser-light sheets generated from a pair of optical scanners and the images are taken by a high-speed video recording system synchronized with the scannings. Digital image analyses for the derivation of velocity components are based on a numerical procedure, in which several improvements have been made in terms of the extraction of particle images, the determination of their positions, and the derivation of velocity components. The present 3D PTV technique was applied to rotating fluids accompanied by Ekman boundary layers and their complicated secondary flow patterns as well as the primary circulations are quantitatively captured.
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