Abstract
Paper-based microfluidic analysis devices (μPADs) have attracted attention as a cost-effective platform for point-of-care testing (POCT), food safety, and environmental monitoring. Recently, three-dimensional (3D)-μPADs have been developed to improve the performance of μPADs. For accurate diagnosis of diseases, however, 3D-μPADs need to be developed to simultaneously detect multiple biomarkers. Here, we report a 3D-μPADs platform for the detection of multiple biomarkers that can be analyzed and diagnosed with a smartphone. The 3D-μPADs were fabricated using a 3D digital light processing printer and consisted of a sample reservoir (300 µL) connected to 24 detection zones (of 4 mm in diameter) through eight microchannels (of 2 mm in width). With the smartphone application, eight different biomarkers related to various diseases were detectable in concentrations ranging from normal to abnormal conditions: glucose (0–20 mmol/L), cholesterol (0–10 mmol/L), albumin (0–7 g/dL), alkaline phosphatase (0–800 U/L), creatinine (0–500 µmol/L), aspartate aminotransferase (0–800 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (0–1000 U/L), and urea nitrogen (0–7.2 mmol/L). These results suggest that 3D-µPADs can be used as a POCT platform for simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers.
Highlights
Paper-based microfluidic analysis devices have attracted attention as a cost-effective tool for point-of-care testing (POCT), food safety, and environmental monitoring [1,2,3,4]
We have reported on a method to fabricate 3D-μPADs for the colorimetric detection of biomarkers using 3D digital light processing (DLP) printing [10]
D-(+)-Glucose, glucose oxidase (GOx) from Aspergillus niger, 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP), albumin from human serum, tetrabromophenol blue (TBPB), citric acid, cholesterol (Chol.) ALP, alkaline phosphatase yellow (p-nitrophenyl phosphate), an AST activity assay kit, an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity assay kit, a creatinine assay kit, and ethyl alcohol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Korea (Seoul, Korea)
Summary
Paper-based microfluidic analysis devices (μPADs) have attracted attention as a cost-effective tool for point-of-care testing (POCT), food safety, and environmental monitoring [1,2,3,4]. They are inexpensive, easy to use, and do not require any external power source. Unlike 2D-μPADs, 3D-μPADs have the advantage of fewer sample loss since the top of the channel is covered, minimizing evaporation of the sample while the fluid flows through the channel [8]. Conventional fabrication methods for 3D-μPADs are labor-intensive and cumbersome because they require the use of additional materials on the exterior, including double-sided sticky tape and adhesive spray [9] to bond two pieces of paper
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
