Abstract
Soil engineering properties can be improved employing different methods. Among them is mixing soil with tire derived additives (TDA). TDAs generally increase some parameters of mixture such as damping ratio, permeability, ductility and also in some cases shear strength. Various properties of TDAs from mechanical properties to their geometry can affect the mixture behavior. In this paper using the YADE platform, simulations of triaxial tests on sand tire mixtures are presented. To take compressibility into consideration, each rubber crumb particle is made of several spheres connected elastically to each other. For sand particle generation the clump technique was employed. Shapes of both sand and rubber particles are inspired from real grains. As properties of sand and rubber are different, especially Young modulus, rubber sand interaction is considered as soft rigid contact. Therefor harmonic average and arithmetic average was used to compute contact Young modulus (and then stiffness). The model was validated by comparison of results of triaxial tests simulation on pure rubber sample with literature ones which both exhibited linear stress-strain curve. Then triaxial tests with different sand to rubber ratio were simulated to see whether harmonic average or arithmetic average gives the best match to literature. The results show shear strength reduces by decreasing of sand to rubber ratio. This is the same as what is reported in literature.
Highlights
As industrialization has begun, management of the consequences of this process has become an important issue for them
Tire particles in civil projects are usually used in the form of crumbs and chips
Several cases have been mentioned for the use of tire particles alone - such as the backfill of the retaining walls - but concerns such as the occurrence of fire caused the tire particles to be mixed with sand
Summary
Management of the consequences of this process has become an important issue for them. The growth of car production and, used tires are the result of the industrial development of the countries. The Discrete Element Method, DEM, is a numerical method that uses a granular approach to simulate materials and subsequently can consider large deformations and heterogeneity of material. This method is being used in powder technology, mine and pharmacology industries. DEM is a recent field of research in geotechnical engineering that, contrary to finite element method, considers soil as an assemblage of particles. In this paper several triaxial tests on the sand-rubber mixture were simulated using the discrete element method.
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