Abstract
This article investigated the effect of structural flexibility on a coastal highway bridge subjected to Stokes waves through a three-dimensional numerical model. Wave-bridge interaction modeling was performed by an FSI model with the coupling of finite element and finite volume methods. An experimental model validated the FSI numerical analysis. Eventually, the overall results of hydrodynamic and structural analyses are presented and discussed. The results illustrate that the structural flexibility significantly increases the initial shock of the wave force on the flexible bridge. In contrast, the fixed bridge tolerates the least forces in the initial shock of the wave force. Then, by adding a wedge-shaped part to the bridge structure, an attempt was made to reduce the initial shock of the wave force to the structure. The results showed the wedge-shaped part with an angle of 30° reduces the initial shock of wave forces down to 50% for horizontal force and 43% for vertical force on the flexible structure.
Highlights
Extreme wave-induced force by coastal flooding, hurricanes, storm surges, and tsunamis impacts the coastal highway bridges (CHBs)
According to the deformation mode of the deck, it can be recognized that the slamming force has the greatest impact in the early times, which is the main factor of the initial shock in the wave-bridge interaction
A 3D numerical model of a CHB under the wave loads is simulated to determine the structural flexibility effect in the initial shock of wave forces. e capabilities of the provided fluid-solid interaction (FSI) model are validated by an experimental model. e results showed the FSI model is reliable in predicting wave-bridge interaction
Summary
Extreme wave-induced force by coastal flooding, hurricanes, storm surges, and tsunamis impacts the coastal highway bridges (CHBs). E studies reviewed show that coastal bridges under extreme waves are new and do not have much precedent and need more investigation Researchers have analyzed this problem in various ways in their numerical, analytical, and experimental work. A 3D model of the superstructure and substructure of a CHB under the extreme wave loads is presented to determine the effect of all different structural flexibility directions in the wave forces. The results of the structural and hydrodynamic analysis of the simulated model are presented and investigated
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