Abstract
A three-dimensional mathematical model for investigating theoretically the gas flow field distribution of the free exit gas jet from both subsonic and supersonic nozzles under the regime of high-pressure gas-assisted laser fusion cutting is presented in this article. The influence of the flow nonuniformity in the subsonic nozzle exit upon the field distribution in the free gas jet is considered in this model. The calculated results are in good agreement with those observed by shadowgraphy. The relationships between the inlet stagnation pressure and the flow field distribution, incident shock, and normal shock of a gas jet in free space are established. The processing characteristics of the free space gas jet in the high-pressure gas-assisted laser cutting process for both subsonic and supersonic nozzles are analyzed in detail. Compared with that from the subsonic nozzle, such as the commonly used conical or conical–cylindrical nozzle, the gas jet from the supersonic nozzle (Laval nozzle) possesses good features such as uniform distribution, maximum even momentum thrust, and a parallel jet boundary under the condition of the designed “working pressure.”
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