Abstract
Three-Dimensional Impedance-Based Sensors for Detection of Chemicals in Aqueous Solutions
Highlights
Detection of biological agents and chemicals in many critical areas has been revolutionized by progression in microelectronics and nanotechnology and by exploiting new materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene
Impedance-based sensors are widely used for biochemical detection because of their simple structure and manufacturing process, ease of use and high accuracy for detection at extremely low concentrations, where the target biomarker or chemical is presented to the sensor in aqueous solution or suspension [11,12]
Electrochemical impedance measurement for interdigitated electrodes (IDE) sensors exposed to aqueous solutions results in two distinct regions in Nyquist plot: A straight line at low frequency and a half circle at high frequencies [31,32,33]
Summary
Detection of biological agents (cell, enzymes, proteins, etc.) and chemicals in many critical areas has been revolutionized by progression in microelectronics and nanotechnology and by exploiting new materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene. Impedance-based sensors are widely used for biochemical detection because of their simple structure and manufacturing process, ease of use and high accuracy for detection at extremely low concentrations, where the target biomarker or chemical is presented to the sensor in aqueous solution or suspension [11,12]. All these sensing transduction methods have demonstrated excellent detection capability with high sensitivity and can be used at sub-ppm concentrations, with high sensitivity
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