Abstract
The authors recently developed a two-dimensional (2D) holographic electromagnetic induction imaging (HEI) for biomedical imaging applications. However, this method was unable to detect small inclusions accurately. For example, only one of two inclusions can be detected in the reconstructed image if the two inclusions were located at the same XY plane but in different Z-directions. This paper provides a theoretical framework of three-dimensional (3D) HEI to accurately and effectively detect inclusions embedded in a biological object. A numerical system, including a realistic head phantom, a 16-element excitation sensor array, a 16-element receiving sensor array, and image processing model has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method for detecting small stroke. The achieved 3D HEI images have been compared with 2D HEI images. Simulation results show that the 3D HEI method can accurately and effectively identify small inclusions even when two inclusions are located at the same XY plane but in different Z-directions. This preliminary study shows that the proposed method has the potential to develop a useful imaging tool for the diagnosis of neurological diseases and injuries in the future.
Highlights
Medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis of malignant tumors
This paper presents the development of a 3D holographic electromagnetic induction imaging (HEI) method and investigates the feasibility and capability of the proposed method for detecting small inclusions embedded in a 3D dielectric object
The system consists of a cylindrical tank, a biological object, a radio frequency (RF) generator to produce EM signals, 16 excitation sensors to induce a magnetic field into the object, 16 receiving sensors to measure the scattering field from the object, a host computer with HEI program
Summary
Medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis of malignant tumors. Early diagnosis of the malignant tumor could significantly improve the treatment outcome and prognosis [1]. MIT is a more sensitive technique as it can monitor all three EPs parameters, and it is attractive for identifying brain diseases (e.g., brain edema) because of the induced magnetic field via coils can penetrate through the skull much more than the injected currents via electrodes in the EIT system [22,23,24,25,26,27,28]. The authors developed a holographic electromagnetic induction (HEI) imaging for dielectric object imaging [29,30] This method is unable to produce 3D images and unable to detect small lesions embedded in a 3D object accurately.
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