Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping guided right bundle branch pacing in congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries.

Abstract

The ideal pacing strategy has been the Achilles' heel for patients with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA) with bradycardia. Various pacing modalities were documented in the literature. This article describes a novel pacing strategy and its feasibility in ccTGA with an intact ventricular septum. We prospectively recruited three patients with ccTGA who presented with symptomatic complete heart block to our institute and were evaluated. All patients were planned for conduction system pacing. Those who had more than moderate or severe systemic atrioventricular regurgitation and systemic ventricular dysfunction were planned for conduction system pacing with an additional lead in the coronary sinus (CS) tributary, i.e. bundle branch pacing optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy with the intention to achieve incremental benefit. Since right bundle pacing is not described previously and in view of anatomical complexity in location, three-dimensional (3D) anatomical mapping was done with the EnSite system and later right bundle capture is identified conventionally as that of a left bundle in a normal heart. All three patients have stable lead positions and adequate thresholds at short-term follow-up. In this report, we demonstrated the feasibility of permanent physiological pacing of the systemic ventricle by capturing the right bundle with 3D anatomical mapping guidance, which results in physiological activation of the systemic ventricle.