Abstract
Underground pipe network is a critical city infrastructure, which plays an important role in smart city management. As the detailed three-dimensional (3D) scene of underground pipe networks is difficult to construct, and massive numbers of pipe points and segments are difficult to manage, a 3D pipe network modeling and organization method is explored in this study. First, the modeling parameters were parsed from the pipe network survey data. Then, the 3D pipe segment and point models were built based on parametric modeling algorithms. Finally, a heterogeneous data structure for the 3D pipe network was established through loose quadtree data organization. The proposed data structure was suitable for 3D Tiles, which was adopted by Cesium (a web-based 3D virtual globe); hence, a multitude of pipe networks can be viewed in the browser. The proposed method was validated by generating and organizing a large-scale 3D pipe network scene of Beijing. The experimental results indicate that the 3D pipe network models formed by this method can satisfy the visual effect and render the efficiency required for smart urban management.
Highlights
Urban underground pipe networks are essential infrastructure and are used to supply gas, water, electricity, communications, drainage, etc. [1]
Technologies used in geographic information systems (GIS) and computer-aided design (CAD) software for pipeline visualization were based on two-dimensional (2D) maps consisting of points and lines [7,8]
In order to avoid the gap between 3D pipeline segments, Du and Zlatanova [10] presented an approach by constructing a new pipe to connect the pipes for visualization
Summary
Urban underground pipe networks are essential infrastructure and are used to supply gas, water, electricity, communications, drainage, etc. [1]. Becker et al [11] proposed a new spatial information model that considered the semantic characteristics of pipe points This model has already been integrated into City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) [12], but the visualization of city-scale underground facility networks was not explored. Wu et al [13] realized the 3D visualization of city-scale pipelines using the graphics processing unit (GPU)-based ray casting method, which divides data into blocks and uses a geometry shader for each pipeline This approach is not flexible and does not consider the matching between the pipe segments of different diameters and pipe point models. A parametric modeling approach for the 3D visualization of urban underground pipelines is proposed, and an optimized data organization suitable for 3D Tiles was presented based on Cesium.
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