Abstract
Finite element analysis was conducted on a thermally-aged cast duplex stainless steel based on the true three-dimensional (3D) microstructure obtained from X-ray microtomography experiments and using the constitutive behavior of each individual phase extracted from nanoindentation on single-crystal and bicrystal micropillar compression tests. The evolution of the phase morphology, the mechanical properties and the boundary deformation behavior during the aging process are highlighted. Quantitative analysis in terms of the distribution and evolution of the stress and strain in both the as received and aged conditions was performed. The experimental results show that aging at an intermediate temperature has a negligible influence on the morphology of the two phases in cast duplex stainless steel (CDSS). Results from simulations reveal that the mechanical behavior of this material were seriously affected by the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the individual phase and the necking deformation tend to form in the area with less large ferrite grains after aging. In addition, stress localization tends to form at the austenite/ferrite interface, in the narrow region of ferrite grains and in the small ferrite grains.
Highlights
Cast duplex stainless steels (CDSS) have been widely used in the nuclear industries due to their outstanding mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance [1,2,3,4], such as primary coolant water pipes for pressurized water reactors (PWR)
It has been reported that the morphology and the volume fraction of the ferrite phase in duplex steel has an extensive influence on the mechanical performance such as the corrosion resistance [14], Metals 2019, 9, 688; doi:10.3390/met9060688
We aim to introduce a new modeling method that can combine the true 3D microstructure and the mechanical properties of each individual phase of a thermally aged
Summary
Cast duplex stainless steels (CDSS) have been widely used in the nuclear industries due to their outstanding mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance [1,2,3,4], such as primary coolant water pipes for pressurized water reactors (PWR). Such pipes made of CDSS are designed for a 40-year service life under high-temperature (~300 ◦ C) and high-pressure (~15 MPa) conditions [5]. Tavares [14] conducted electrochemical corrosion tests on AISI 317L stainless steel with different microstructures and ferrite contents, which showed that that the microstructural changes affected the pitting corrosion resistance
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