THORACOLUMBER VERTEBRAL FRACTURES

Abstract

For spinal injuries, thoracolumbar junction is common site in our population.Surgical management of unstable fractures and fracture dislocations of thoracolumbar spineis still controversial. This study was conducted to document efficacy of short segment fixationof thoracolumbar verterbral fractures. Objectives: To determine the outcome of short segmenttranspedicular fixation of thoracolumbar fractures. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectionalstudy. Sampling technique: Non-probability purposive sampling. Material and Methods: Atotal of 103 study cases with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures were taken in this descriptivecase series study which was conducted at department of Neurosurgery, Nishtar HospitalMultan from February 2014 to June 2015. Informed verbal consent was taken from eachpatient before participation in this study ensuring them confidentiality of the information andexplaining them objectives and procedure of our study. Once registered, detailed history andclinical examination was done by a Neurosurgeon, investigations like X-ray dorsolumbar spine,CT scan and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dorsolumbar spine were also done. Shortsegment transpedicular fixation was done and outcome of surgical management was assessedin terms of improvement in power, hardware failure and infection by consultant neurosurgeon.All the study cases were called for follow up visits after every month till 6 months to record finaloutcome of management. All the information were recorded in the study proforma. Data wereentered and analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: Out of these 103 study cases, 66 (64.1 %)were male patients and 37 (35.9 %) were female patients and male to female ratio was 1.85:1.Mean age of our study cases 33.92 ± 9.72 years ranging from 20 years to 54 years. Meanages of male patients was 36.68 ± 10.37 years while in female patients it was 29.00 ± 5.89years (p=0.000).Post-surgical management improvement in power was seen in 55 (53.4%)of our study cases, hardware failure in 11 (10.7%) and infection was observed in 20 (19.4%).Conclusion: According to our study short segment transpedicular fixation is safe & effectiveprocedure providing efficient spinal stability. Short segment fixation is associated with minimumblood loss and trauma and leads to early mobilization of the patient and ease in physiotherapy.Transpedicular screw fixation is a useful choice for achieving better neurological recovery andgood pain control in post-traumatic thoracolumbar fractures.