Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in Octogenarians and Nonagenarians

Abstract

The oldest segments of the population are expanding rapidly, and the number of thoracic endovascular aortic repairs (TEVARs) performed in the elderly parallels this trend. We describe our institutional TEVAR experience in octogenarians and nonagenarians. All patients 80years and older undergoing TEVAR at a single institution were reviewed using a prospectively maintained database. Baselines demographics, operative details, and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-five octogenarians and nonagenarians (age, 84.8±3.7years; 64% male) underwent TEVAR between January 2014 and January 2019. The most common preoperative comorbidities were hypertension (n=24; 96%) and tobacco use (n=18; 72%), and the mean modified frailty index was 0.32±0.17. Degenerative aneurysms constituted the majority of aortic pathologies (60%), and most patients were symptomatic (64%), with a mean maximal aortic diameter of 62.7±15.6mm. Endoleaks were noted in 3 (12%) patients. Intensive care unit length of stay was 2.0 (1.5, 3.0) days, and the total length of stay was 5.0 (3.0, 7.0) days. In-hospital mortality was 12% (n=3), while the overall 30-day mortality was 16% (n=4). The median follow-up was 469.0 (76.0, 586.0) days. On univariate analysis, the presence of a postoperative complication was associated with a significantly increased risk of 30-day mortality (P<0.01). Despite the inherently elevated operative risk among the elderly, this study demonstrates reasonable success rates for TEVAR in octogenarian and nonagenarian patients. In properly selected patients, advanced age alone should not be a prohibitive factor for TEVAR.