Thoracic and Abdominal Wall Injuries in Sports

Abstract

AbstractSpecific imaging literature on abdominal and thoracic wall injuries is relatively uncommon compared to the overall incidence in sports medicine. However radiological grading and follow-up of musculotendinous unit (MTU) elongation may be significant in athletes. Moreover radiological diagnosis is relevant in specific circumstances. During the past two decades, the frequency of pectoralis major muscle injuries has increased. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful for treatment planning. A thorough understanding of the complex anatomy of the pectoralis major is crucial. Rectus abdominis sheath haematoma has to be excluded in cases of muscular tear as it might not self-tamponade. Clinical diagnosis of groin lesions is difficult and therefore radiological procedures may be of additional help in the diagnosis of groin lesions. An in-depth knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the thoracic and abdominal wall is a prerequisite for understanding the pathological conditions of this area. Handlebar injuries are a significant cause of both blunt abdominal trauma and lacerations to the contact area in children. The high proportion of lacerations observed in this type of trauma result from the sharp metallic end of the handlebar cutting through the soft rubber handle. Arterial endofibrosis at the external iliac artery is found in cyclists. It is characterized by thickening of the intima and/or adventitia. Angiographic examination demonstrates tapering of the arterial lumen with elongation of the artery.