THOMAS HOBBES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE STATE: EXPERIENCE IN INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF THE COMBINED CONCEPT

Abstract

The topical task of the national legal science at the present stage of its development is the need to rethink the works of the classic of iusnaturalism and contractarism – Thomas Hobbes, who made a great contribution to the development of the ideological and theoretical foundations of the state and law of the Euro-Atlantic civilization. Purpose: to give a comprehensive analysis of the etatgenetic concept of Thomas Hobbes. Methods: the author uses the methods of dialectical and formal logic, interpretation, as well as historical, logical, problem-theoretical, comparative, textual methods. Results: The historical context in which this concept was formed is studied. The fundamental principles that permeate the entire content of this concept are revealed: individualism and voluntarism. Its essential characteristics are given, which reflect a complex, bizarre combination of very different principles: idealism and realism, outright fiction and empiricism. The natural law and contractual principles are particularly prominent among them. Their combination with the leading role of the social contract determined the essence of the concept under consideration. It is reported that despite the broadest application of a purely discursive approach, Thomas Hobbes deservedly gained worldwide fame as a result of the masterly implementation of his artificial constructs in the process of scientific solution of the most complex problem of the origin of the state.