This Was My Crimean War: COVID-19 Experiences of Nursing Home Leaders.

Abstract

ObjectiveTo describe professional and personal experiences of nursing home care leaders during early waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignQualitative interpretive description.Setting and ParticipantsEight sites across 2 Canadian provinces. Sites varied by COVID-19 status (low/medium/high), size (under or over 120 beds) and ownership model (for-profit/not-for-profit). We recruited 21 leaders as participants: 14 managers and 7 directors of care.MethodsRemote Zoom-assisted semi-structured interviews conducted from January to April 2021. Concurrent data generation and inductive content analysis occurred throughout. Sampling ceased once we reached sufficient analytic variation and richness to answer research questions.ResultsMost participants were female, over 50 years of age and born in Canada. We found 4 major themes. 1) Responsibility to protect: Extreme precautions were employed to protect residents, staff and leaders’ families. Leaders experienced profound distress when COVID-19 infiltrated their care homes. 2) Overwhelming workloads: Changing public health orders and redeployment to pandemic-related activities caused administrative chaos. Leaders worked double shifts to cope with pandemic demands and maintain their usual work. 3) Mental and emotional toll: All participants reported symptoms of anxiety, depression and insomnia, leading to ongoing exhaustion. Shifting staff focus from caring to custodial enforcement of isolation caused considerable distress, guilt and grief. 4) Moving forward: The pandemic spotlighted deficiencies in the nursing home context that lead to inadequate quality of resident care and staff burnout. Some leaders indicated their pandemic experience signaled an unanticipated end to their careers.Conclusions and ImplicationsNursing home leaders faced mental distress and inordinate workloads during the pandemic. This is an urgent call for systemic change to improve working conditions for leaders and quality of care and quality of life for residents. Nursing home leaders are at increased risk of burnout, which must be addressed to mitigate attrition in the sector.