This issue of Acta

Abstract

The cover photograph is a histological section of the optic nerve head from the paper by Rahul A. Jonas and Leonard Holbach in this issue of Acta. The green asterisk refers to the retrobulbar cerebrospinal fluid space. Raimo Tuuminen in Finland suggests that the criteria for accessing treatment for cataracts based on visual acuity are not cost-effective. Stenner et al. in Odense review the literature in branch retinal vein occlusion and suggest that combination of anti-VEGF and laser treatment is viable and deserves further study. Penedones et al. in Portugal concluded that treatment with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors was not associated with nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. Bro and Tallstedt found that uveitis in southern Sweden was anterior uveitis in 93%, of cases, intermediate in 1%, posterior in 5% and panuveitis in 1% of cases. An associated diagnosis was found in 14%, including herpes simplex/zoster (4.9%), inflammatory bowel disease (2.2%), rheumatic arthritis (1.9%), ankylosing spondylitis (1.8%) and sarcoidosis (1.8%). Lindholm et al. in Finland found perioperative subconjunctival TA to be effective in preventing ocular inflammation and macular oedema after cataract surgery. Darma et al. in the Netherlands show that cataract influences OCT measurement of peripapillary nerve fibre layer and describe corrective measures. Liesenborghs et al. in the Netherlands performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of trabecular meshwork gene expression data to unravel the molecular pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma. This includes known points of action for drugs, such as Rho GTPase, arachidonic acid, NF-κB, prostaglandins and corticosteroid clusters. Ilveskoski et al. in Finland recommend selective laser trabeculoplasty in exfoliative glaucoma eyes. Ahmadi et al. in Copenhagen found reduced Melanopsin-mediated pupillary light reflex in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Blue light stimulates photosensitive ganglion cells containing melanopsin. Wubbels et al. in Rotterdam describe a learning curve for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty leading to eventual expertise. Bostamzad et al. in the Netherlands, the UK and Belgium used plusoptix photoscreening at ages 1 and 2.5 to detect refractive errors. de Weger et al. in the Netherlands performed a randomized clinical trial in children with Down’s syndrome. They concluded that bifocals with full correction of refractive error reduce the manifest angle of strabismus within a few weeks. Paulus de Jong in the Netherlands reviews the search for the human ocular accommodation mechanism. The following articles are published only in the electronic part of this issue only. They can be accessed on www.actaophthalmologica.com. Abu El-Asrar et al. in Saudi Arabia and Belgium suggest that galectin-1, which regulates endothelial cell function and promotes angiogenesis, is involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Munuera-Gifre et al. in Spain found the distribution of DR lesions to follow a determined pattern for both microaneurysms/haemorrhages and hard exudates. They suggest that the distribution points to areas of the retina most vulnerable to metabolic alteration. Maltsev et al. in Russia and India describe inner nuclear layer thinning and outer plexiform layer elevation in fellow eyes of patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion. Moon et al. in Korea found OCT to be more conclusive than ultrasound in detecting posterior vitreous detachment, even though both methods are satisfactory. Lee et al. in Korea found optical coherence tomography angiography parameters to have good short-term and reasonable long-term repeatability in normal individuals. Jonas and Holbach in Germany examine the histology of peripapillary border tissue of the choroid and peripapillary scleral flange as seen on the cover photograph. Peripapillary border tissue of the choroid and peripapillary scleral flange as continuation of the optic nerve pia mater is distinct structures, with the former re-modelling during myopic axial elongation. Lee et al. in Korea found retinal layer thickness on OCT to correlate with severity of acute anterior uveitis. Waizel et al. in Switzerland demonstrate that cataract-induced light scatter influences optical retinal oxygen measurements. Nadal et al. in France, Japan, the UK and Australia found an association between retinal vascular fractal dimension and cerebral blood flow. Reinstein et al. in the UK, France and the United States documented ‘suction loss’ in 0.5% of SMILE procedures, usually with minor consequence. Yuasa et al. in Japan suggest that trabeculectomy with mitomycin C is an effective procedure with few surgical complications for reducing IOP in patients, even if preoperative IOP was within the normal range. Chiquet et al. in France and the UK found narrowing of arterial and venous retinal vessels, a higher arteriole-to-venule ratio and lower values of fractal dimension in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Hemelings et al. in Belgium demonstrate impressive benefits of deep learning for automated glaucoma detection based on optic disc-centred fundus images. Rateb et al. in Egypt used aqueous suppressants to prevent hyperencapsulation in paediatric Ahmed glaucoma valve procedures. Lee and Choi in Korea correlated the amounts of matrix metalloproteinase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase and bone morphogenetic protein in medial rectus muscle tissue with the severity of intermittent exotropia. Pfäffli et al. in Switzerland found pseudoisochromatic colour vision tests and the Mollon–Reffin minimalist test suitable for children (3–10 years) with reduced visual acuity. The Cambridge Colour Test was too long for some of the 3- to 5-year-olds. Kim et al. in the United States examine the consequence on tumour size in the context of classification of retinoblastoma. Deltour et al. in France used a silicone lacrimal plug to treat refractory macular detachment with a large optic disc pit. Grzybowski et al. in Poland comment on a recent article on postoperative endophthalmitis by Loukovaara et al. in Finland. She expands on the issue and discusses endophthalmitis after vitreoretinal surgery. Nielsen et al. in Denmark found good reproducibility of subjective refraction before and after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for myopia. Quérat and Chen in Stockholm recommend home tonometry. Mendes et al. in Brazil describe antiangiogenic effect of intravitreal curcumin in experimental model of proliferative retinopathy. Kuang et al. in China describe a new mutation in Usher syndrome. Hautala et al. describe the aetiology of posterior uveitis in Finland, with Candida and viral at the top. Otten et al. in the Netherlands describe a case of severe epistaxis related to intravitreal bevacizumab. I hope you enjoy this issue of ACTA and take full advantage of both the printed and the electronic parts of the journal. The entire journal is available in the electronic format on www.actaophthalmologica.com, and the printed version is supplied for your reading pleasure.