Abstract
Aim:First cases of clinically uncommon African swine fever (ASF), caused by virus genotype II are described in this article. These cases occurred in Armenia, Tavush region, Dilijan municipality in 2011. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the new pathogenic forms of ASF in Armenia.Materials and Methods:The isolation and identification of ASF virus (ASFV) were carried out using conventional techniques. Clinical signs of infection were recorded daily. Gross anatomical pathology characteristics were observed during routine postmortem examinations. Blood and serum were obtained by puncture of the jugular vein using a vacutainer system.Results:The presence of ASFV DNA in the spleens was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Sequenced sections of p72 showed phylogenetic identity to genotype 2. The pathology exhibits unusual manifestations of the main disease. The unusual form of ASF demonstrates characteristics of a subacute form of the disease, with the possibility of conversion to a chronic form. Decreased lethality, low level of hemorrhages, and absence of severe pancytopenia in smears from spleen, lymph nodes, and blood are common features of the new form of ASF. Unlike severe thrombocytopenia in the typical ASF, the unusual form exhibited moderate or minor decrease of this feature. Despite a moderate decrease in hemadsorption titers, the unusual pattern of the disease was characterized by viremia and the presence of the virus in the visceral organs, including the brain.Conclusion:Our data allow assuming that new nosological form of ASF (genotype II) may present as a transitional form of the disease with the possibility of chronization.
Highlights
African swine fever (ASF) is the main threat to the porcine industry in the world
The presence of ASF virus (ASFV) DNA in the spleens was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction
Our data allow assuming that new nosological form of ASF may present as a transitional form of the disease with the possibility of chronization
Summary
African swine fever (ASF) is the main threat to the porcine industry in the world. Depending on viral and host factors, ASF virus (ASFV) infection of domestic swine can be expressed in several disease forms, ranging between highly lethal (up to 100%) and subclinical. Manifestations in 2007 ASF affecting domestic pigs and wild boars have been reported in the Caucasus region for the first time. The virus strain involved was related to isolates of genotype II. Almost all cases of ASF caused by genotype II can be described as peracute, acute, and/or subacute forms [1]. ASF cases in Dilijan district were recorded in 2007, while the first cases of atypical ASF
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