Abstract

숲가꾸기는 연료량을 줄여 산불의 위험을 줄이는 근본적인 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 솎아베기가 산불 연료량과 수관화 위험도, 산불행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 경남 거창과 전남 순천 2곳을 대상으로 솎아베기 미시행지(대조구), 강도(ha당 100본, 200본, 300본)에 따라 지표층, 관목층, 수관층의 연료량을 측정하였으며 NEXUS 2.0 프로그램을 이용하여 수관화 위험성을 전이·확산지수로 구분하여 산출하였다. 산불행동은 BehavePlus를 이용하였다. 솎아베기의 강도가 강할수록 지표층과 수관층의 연료량은 줄어들고, 관목층은 늘어났다. 수관화 전이지수는 솎아베기 강도에 따라 변함이 거의 없는 반면에 수관화 확산지수는 강도가 강할수록 저감 효과가 컸다. 솎아베기를 실시한 산림은 지표화가 수관화로 전이되더라도 수관층을 타고 확산될 가능성은 낮았다. 솎아베기 강도가 강해질수록 확산속도는 느려지고, 열방출량은 작아지며 화선 강도는 약해지고, 화염길이는 짧아졌다. 이러한 결과들은 대형산불을 예방하기 위한 숲가꾸기 지침 개발에 활용이 가능하다.This study analyzed the influence of a thinning operation on fire behavior, fire hazard and fuel load. Our research examined fuel load in surface, shrub, and crown layer by three degree of density (100, 200 and 300 trees per hectare) in both treated and untreated area. NEXUS 2.0, a system for assessing crown fire hazard into torching index and crowing index, and a BehavePlus program were used to analyze fire behavior. It was observed that, when the intensity of a thinning operation increased, the shrub fuel load also increased but the surface fuel and canopy fuel load decreased. Unlike a torching index with no big difference by thinning intensity, the more intensified a thinning operation became, the more reduced a crowning index was. The result of fire behavior analysis showed that the spreading rate was much faster and heat radiation was also very high in untreated sites. Not only fire intensity but flame length became weaken and shorten in uncontrolled area.

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