Abstract
This chapter presents an introduction on thinned rear-face electron-bombarded frame transfer charge-coupled devices (FT CCDs) for low light level television (LLL TV) imaging. Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are small and sensitive image sensors. They are therefore particularly well adapted to convert a two-dimensional (2D) transient image into a “video” signal. In the case of LLL TV applications, two methods can be used for obtaining electronic read-out of the image intensifier tube: optical coupling between the tube and the CCD; and integration of an electron-sensitive CCD inside the tube, in place of the phosphor screen. Experiments have demonstrated the capability of the FT4-P frame transfer EB CCD to record electronic images with a very low number of electrons (one or more) impinging on each pixel. Image processing can then be used for determination of the centre of gravity of the spot and the elimination of gaps in the trace, allowing higher performance for future fast oscilloscope tubes.
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