Abstract
Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes have attracted growing research interest in recent years because they show high potential for commercial use as desalination membranes with superior performance compared to current commercial polyamide membranes. In particular, inorganic–organic TFN membranes, also known as mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), are prepared by dispersing nanosize inorganic particles into a thin film layer supported on the top of the substrate. Major efforts have been devoted to the development of TFN membranes with improved properties including flux, salt rejection, fouling resistance, and chlorine stability, as well as other properties such as thermal stability. This chapter covers the synthesis and characterization of inorganic fillers, polymer thin film composite (TFC) membranes, and TFN membranes. Moreover, the recent progress in TFN membranes relating to membrane structure, morphology, surface properties, and desalination performance is reviewed.
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