Abstract
The origin of cosmic rays have remained a mistery for more than a century. JEM-EUSO is a pioneer space-based telescope that will be located at the International Space Station (ISS) and its aim is to detect Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) and Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays (EHECR) by observing the atmosphere. Unlike ground-based telescopes, JEM-EUSO will observe from upwards, and therefore, for a properly UHECR reconstruction under cloudy conditions, a key element of JEM-EUSO is an Atmospheric Monitoring System (AMS). This AMS consists of a space qualified bi-spectral Infrared Camera, that will provide the cloud coverage and cloud top height in the JEM-EUSO Field of View (FoV) and a LIDAR, that will measure the atmospheric optical depth in the direction it has been shot. In this paper we will explain the effects of clouds for the determination of the UHECR arrival direction. Moreover, since the cloud top height retrieval is crucial to analyze the UHECR and EHECR events under cloudy conditions, the retrieval algorithm that fulfills the technical requierements of the Infrared Camera of JEM-EUSO to reconstruct the cloud top height is presently reported.
Highlights
Cosmic rays have been discovered over one century ago, still their origin remains unknown
The zenith angle (θ ) can be calculated thanks to this timing fit (Fig. 1): where DJ E is the distance from JEM-EUSO to the ground, D1 is the distance between the beginning of the shower to the telescope, D2 is the distance from the telescope to the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) core, L is the shower length, γ is the angular distance between the center of the Field of View (FoV) and the EAS core, and ti is the time at which the photons have
JEM-EUSO is an space based telescope which will use the atmosphere to detect the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) produced by the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) when they interact with atmospheric particles
Summary
Cosmic rays have been discovered over one century ago, still their origin remains unknown. JEMEUSO (Extreme Universe Space Observatory on-board the Japanese Experiment Module) is a pioneer space-based experiment meant to detect Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) and Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays (EHECR). It will observe the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) produced in the atmosphere when the UHECR and EHECR interact with the atmospheric nuclei. Since JEM-EUSO will cover a very large observation area in the atmosphere (∼105 km2), a properly monitoring of the atmospheric conditions is mandatory. The Atmospheric Monitoring System (AMS) [1, 2] of JEM-EUSO will consist of a bispectral and space qualified Infrared Camera and a LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging). In this work we focus into two main features of the EAS reconstruction in cloudy conditions: the EAS geometry analysis and the reconstruction of the cloud top height
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