Abstract
Contrary to freezing preservation and formalin embalming, Thiel embalmed cadaver presents soft texture and color very close to that of living organism, and many applications based on Thiel embalmed cadavers have been reported. However, Thiel embalmed cadavers cannot be used as reliable evaluation model for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) due to dramatic changes of electrical conductivity in the embalmed tissue. To address this issue, we investigated various modifications of the original Thiel embalming solution. By altering the chemicals' species and concentration we figured out a formula that can greatly reduce the embalming fluid's electrical conductivity without significantly compromising the 18-day embalmed kidney samples' suppleness and color. We also investigated a two-stage embalming technique by first submerging the kidney sample into original Thiel's tank fluid for 28 days, then the sample was withdrawn from the tank fluid and placed into modified dilution fluids for additional two weeks. Stiffening and discoloration occurred in these diluted samples implying the reversibility of Thiel-embalmed tissues' suppleness and color with the removal of the strong electrolytes. This study presents a modified embalming method which could be used for RFA evaluation and also helps our understanding of the mechanism of embalmment process.
Highlights
Thiel-embalming method[1–2] is a soft-fix embalming method developed by W
Thiel embalmed cadavers cannot be used as reliable evaluation model for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) due to dramatic changes of electrical conductivity in the embalmed tissue
We investigated a two-stage embalming technique by first submerging the kidney sample into original Thiel's tank fluid for 28 days, the sample was withdrawn from the tank fluid and placed into modified dilution fluids for additional two weeks
Summary
Thiel-embalming method[1–2] is a soft-fix embalming method developed by W. Due to the unique advantage of Thiel embalmed cadavers, they can be employed in multiple research and training procedures such as arteries research[9], The authors reported no conflict of interests. In 2011, by finding the unsuitability of Thiel embalmed for biomechanical studies, suspected that the diminished elastic modulus and failure strength of Thiel preserved tendons may be related to collagen denaturing associated with the high salt (boric acid) concentration in the Thiel embalming solution[24–25]
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