Abstract
Using inorganic fullerene-like (IF) nanoparticles and inorganic nanotubes (INT) in organic-inorganic hybrid composite, materials provide the potential for improving thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of conventional composites. The processing of such high-performance hybrid thermoplastic polymer nanocomposites is achieved via melt-blending without the aid of any modifier or compatibilizing agent. The incorporation of small quantities (0.1–4 wt.%) of IF/INTs (tungsten disulfide, IF-WS2 or molybdenum disulfide, MoS2) generates notable performance enhancements through reinforcement effects and excellent lubricating ability in comparison with promising carbon nanotubes or other inorganic nanoscale fillers. It was shown that these IF/INT nanocomposites can provide an effective balance between performance, cost effectiveness, and processability, which is of significant importance for extending the practical applications of diverse hierarchical thermoplastic-based composites.
Highlights
Over the past few years, research interest in the field of thermoplastic composites has changed from “high-performance” advanced materials towards the development of “cost-performance” engineering composites
Among the advantages provided by fiber-reinforced thermoplastics over metals and ceramics, that have been recognized for years, are improved fracture toughness, impact resistance, strength to weight ratio, as well as high resistance to corrosion and enhanced thermal and fatigue properties that have often been put in good use for practical applications in the aeronautic, automotive, and energy sectors [1,2,3]
The incorporation of inorganic fullerene-like (IF)-WS2, which exhibit about twice the thermal conductivity of the neat matrices [47], results in significant λ improvements in the case of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/glass fiber (GF) laminates, up to 21% at 2.0 wt.% loading, whilst for polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)/carbon fiber (CF) composites the increments are smaller, about 9% for the same loading
Summary
Over the past few years, research interest in the field of thermoplastic composites has changed from “high-performance” advanced materials towards the development of “cost-performance” engineering composites. Among the advantages provided by fiber-reinforced thermoplastics over metals and ceramics, that have been recognized for years, are improved fracture toughness, impact resistance, strength to weight ratio, as well as high resistance to corrosion and enhanced thermal and fatigue properties that have often been put in good use for practical applications in the aeronautic, automotive, and energy sectors [1,2,3] These applications require new properties and functionalities, especially superior mechanical performance, flame and chemical resistance, magnetic field and UV resistance, high electrical conductivity, environmental stability, low water absorption, and so forth. Since the beginning of 2011, we have successfully developed a new family of nanocomposites, which integrated MoS2 nanotubes into an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix, one of the most widely investigated polymers in the preparation and application of nanocomposites, employing a simple and cost effective melt-processing route [25]. (1.0 wt.%); (b) PPS/IF-WS2 (1.0 wt.%); (c) iPP/INT-MoS2 (1.0 wt.%); (d) iPP/IF-WS2 (2.0 wt.%)/GF and (e) PPS/IF-WS2 (2.0 wt.%)/CF
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