Thermoplastic cohesive fracturing model of thermally-treated granite

Abstract

Thermoplastic fracturing is a prominent characteristic of thermally-treated granite for temperature-dependent underground geotechnical engineerings , such as geothermal energy exploration and high-level nuclear waste disposal. More specifically, the tension-open of the cohesive crack in the fracture process zone (FPZ) presents a plastic softening feature dependent on temperature. However, understanding granite thermoplastic fracturing remains challenging. This work proposes a thermoplastic cohesive fracturing model of thermally-treated granite, incorporating temperature-dependent softening rule and completely coupled stress-strain-temperature constitutive relation. Several new thermoplastic fracturing properties in the proposed model are determined by further analyses of published fracturing test data (Miao et al., 2020) done on Beishan granite suffering high-temperature treatments (200–500 °C). The initial yield parameter (cohesive tensile strength) decreases linearly with the rising high-temperature treatments. The critical yield parameter (the critical crack opening displacement (COD)) follows a two-stage linear increasing rule with 300 °C as a boundary, similar to the temperature-dependent FPZ length. The plastic modulus, delineating the cohesive crack's softening rule, increases quadratically with the enhanced high-temperature treatment. The temperature sensitivity modulus ( T ), characterizing the contraction/expansion of yield surface with increasing temperatures, decreases from positive to negative with the increasing COD. Both the fracture energy and the accumulated dissipated energy present remarkable nonlinearities with several inflection points , implying the complex temperature-dependent fracture resistance . This proposed model was validated with three-point-bending fracturing tests of thermally-treated Beishan granite, fitting well (coefficient: 88.8%–99.7%) with the experimental cohesive tensile strength , critical COD, and the accumulated dissipated energy. Besides, by analyzing the softening curves of cohesive cracks in thermally-treated granite, the positive-negative change of T was consistent with the contraction-expansion transition of the yield surface. This work provides a modeling approach for temperature-dependent fracturing of rock-like materials. • The thermoplastic softening of FPZ is characterized via a thermoplastic framework. • This work proposes a thermoplastic cohesive fracturing model for rocks. • New model parameters were proposed to characterize temperature-dependent fracturing. • The correlation coefficient between the model and test data reaches 88.8%–99.7%. • This work provides a modeling approach for temperature-dependent fracturing of rock.