Abstract
This study investigates physicochemical impact of ultrasonic irradiations on surface topography of woven fabrics. In a simultaneous in-situ sonochemical method, the synthesis and coating of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on woven textiles were successfully achieved. Different instruments i.e. Alambeta, moisture management tester, air permeability tester and permetester were utilised during experimentation for thermal evaluation, moisture transportation and air permeation. The results regarding thermophysiological comfort of ZnO coated fabrics were evaluated on the basis of thickness and ZnO NPs coated amount on fabrics. In addition, the achieved results depict the impact of sonication (pressure gradient) on surface roughness of cotton and polyester. The coating of ZnO NPs on fabrics, crystal phase identification, surface topography and fluctuations in surface roughness were estimated by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), ultrahigh-resolution scanning electron microscopy (UHR-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Moreover, thermophysiological properties i.e. thermal conductivity, absolute evaporative resistance, thermal absorptivity, air permeability, overall moisture management capacity and relative water vapour permeability of untreated and ZnO treated samples were evaluated by standard test methods.
Highlights
Thickness 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.66 0.72 0.77 0.32 0.36 0.41 0.66 0.78 0.84 by sol–gel, hydrothermal and chemical vapours deposition methods on textiles and other substrates for photocatalytic, photovoltaic and functional applications[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]
It was concluded that a simultaneous synthesis and coating of ZnO NPs on textiles via sonication is a novel approach for the investigation of thermophysiological comfort evaluation
A homogenous distribution with quasi-spherical shape of ZnO NPs was detected for cotton whereas aggregation of particles was observed for polyester samples as depicted in Fig. 2b,c,e,f respectively
Summary
Thickness (mm) 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.66 0.72 0.77 0.32 0.36 0.41 0.66 0.78 0.84 by sol–gel, hydrothermal and chemical vapours deposition methods on textiles and other substrates for photocatalytic, photovoltaic and functional applications[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. The process of sonication (utilization of ultrasonic energy) for the fabrication and incorporation of a variety of nanostructures (organic, inorganic, metallic, non-metallic etc.) on textiles has become facile, economical and environmentally friendly m ethod[21]. This approach works through the principle of acoustic cavitation i.e. generation of unstable bubbles in liquids that violently collapse and increase temperature and pressure up to 5000 K and 20 MPa with cooling rate of 1 010 K s−1 respectively[22]. The approach delineates here thereby opens up a new avenue towards other textile substrates and coating materials
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