Thermophysical Properties of Working Substance and Heat Transfer in a Hydrogen Combustion Engine

Abstract

Hydrogen is a clean alternative to fossil fuels for internal combustion engines and can be easily used in spark-ignition engines. However, the characteristics of the engines fueled with hydrogen are largely different from those with conventional hydrocarbon fuels. A higher burning velocity and a shorter quenching distance for hydrogen as compared with hydrocarbons bring a higher degree of constant volume and a larger heat transfer from the burning gas to the combustion chamber wall of the engines. Because of the large heat loss, the thermal efficiency of an engine fueled with hydrogen is sometimes lower than that with hydrocarbons. Therefore, the analysis and the reduction of the heat loss are crucial for the efficient utilization of hydrogen in internal combustion engines. The empirical correlations to describe the total heat transferred from the burning gas to the combustion chamber walls are often used to calculate the heat loss in internal combustion engines. However, the previous research by one of the authors has shown that the widely used heat transfer correlations cannot be properly applied to the hydrogen combustion even with adjusting the constants in them. For this background, this research analyzes the relationship between characteristics of thermophysical properties of working substance and heat transfer to the wall in a spark-ignition engine fueled with hydrogen.