Abstract

To accomplish a good spectral matching between an emitter and photovoltaic cells, two‐dimensional surface‐relief gratings with a period of 1.0 – 1.2 μm composed of rectangular microcavities were fabricated on single crystalline W substrates as a selective emitter for thermophotovoltaic generation. The emitters displayed strong emission in the near infrared region where narrow‐bandgap photovoltaic cells could efficiently convert photons into electricity. The enhancement of thermal emission was attributed to the microcavity effect. Thermophotovoltaic generation tests were carried out with different kinds of emitters. The W gratings showed more than two‐times higher generation efficiency when compared to a SiC emitter. Optical constants of W at high temperatures were investigated by ellipsometry, and it was shown that spectral emissivity of the emitters depended on their temperatures especially in the infrared region.

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