Abstract
The optimization of a 2×2 silica-on-silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) thermo-optic switch is presented. The device consists of 2 multimode interference (MMI) couplers as splitter and combiner with metal heater strips for phase control. The switching characteristics of the devices have been examined in detail as a function of several parameters. The electrical power consumption of the switch has been reduced by a factor of 2 by etching trenches alongside the waveguide heaters located on the arms of the MZI, and the polarization dependent loss has been controlled and reduced through adjustment of top cladding properties. The effect on the response time of the switch of these design changes has been investigated. Detailed characterization of the devices will be presented, and trade-offs in optimization discussed. Incorporation of these device elements into increasingly complex components for new applications in optical signal processing will be demonstrated.
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