Abstract
Heat engines made of quantum dot (QD) superlattice nanowires (SLNWs) offer promising applications in energy harvesting due to the reduction in phonon thermal conductivity. In solid state electrical generators (refrigerators), one needs to generate (remove) a large amount of charge current (heat current). Consequently, a high QD SLNW density is required for realistic applications. This study theoretically investigated the properties of power factor and electron heat rectification for an SLNW array under the transition from a one-dimensional system to a two-dimensional system. The SLNW arrays show the functionality of heat diodes, which is mainly attributed to a transmission coefficient with a temperature-bias direction dependent characteristic.
Highlights
The semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) resulting from the quantum confinement of heterostructures exhibit atom-like discrete electron energy levels; QDs are called artificial atoms
Our discussion begins with a single short superlattice nanowires (SLNWs) which can be implemented with current semiconductor fabrication techniques
As for the electron Coulomb interactions, which are important for SLNWs in the Coulomb blockade regime, we have demonstrated that power factor (PF) is reduced in the presence of Coulomb interactions
Summary
The semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) resulting from the quantum confinement of heterostructures exhibit atom-like discrete electron energy levels; QDs are called artificial atoms. Nanowires with end QDs are proposed to clarify the Majorana bound state, which is believed to be very useful in the application of quantum computing.. This enhancement is due to the reduction in phonon thermal conductivity, which is mainly attributed to the increase in phonon scattering resulting from the interfaces of QDs. ZT values higher than 4 and 6 are, respectively, predicted for 5 nm diameter PbSe/PbS and PbTe/PbSe of superlattice nanowires (SLNWs) at 77 K in Ref. 15, where the free electron model is employed to illustrate the electron thermoelectric properties. SLNWs can be reduced one order of magnitude when compared with that of silicon nanowires.. We systematically study the thermoelectric properties of SLNWs connected to electrodes in the linear and nonlinear response regimes
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